Emerging markets (EM) have transformed over the past decade. Once seen mainly as cyclical and commodity‑driven, they are now central to global technology, semiconductor, and AI supply chains. This Q&A examines how EM sector composition has evolved, how valuations compare with developed markets, and whether the current AI investment cycle marks a structural turning point for the asset class.

Emerging markets are no longer dominated by traditional cyclicals and commodities. The growth engine for the asset class has shifted decisively toward global technology and innovation-led sectors (Exhibit 1). Over the past decade, for example, EM exposure to internet/software and semiconductors has roughly tripled in the MSCI Emerging Markets Index, driven by the rise of North Asian platforms and chip manufacturers. Additionally, emerging markets also offer distinct access to fast‑growing new‑economy sectors such as digital commerce and media—significantly more than Europe or the United Kingdom. 

EXHIBIT 1

Not the Emerging Markets Equity Market You Used to Know

As of 31 December 2025

Source: FactSet, FTSE Russell, HSBC, MSCI

The breadth of EM’s technology exposure continues to expand. For example, when investors buy NVIDIA, they are indirectly gaining exposure to a wide network of emerging markets companies that supply critical components and manufacturing capabilities—advanced semiconductor fabrication and memory to power management, sensors, and specialized materials—across the AI hardware stack (Exhibit 2). These companies form the backbone of the global AI value chain often at materially lower valuations compared with their developed markets counterparts.

EXHIBIT 2

NVIDIA Doesn’t Exist Without EM

As of March 2026 (NTM P/E based on latest MSCI data)
Source: NVIDIA FY2025 Sustainability Report; NVIDIA 2025 Annual Report; TrendForce; Counterpoint Research; MSCI; industry OSAT rankings

Today, EM technology composition is more reflective of that of the United States, highlighting the depth of innovation across the asset class. 
 

Emerging markets are a vital source for much of the infrastructure, inputs, and talent required to scale AI globally.

More specifically, emerging markets are a source of:

  • Critical minerals (i.e., lithium, cobalt, nickel, rare earths) used in semiconductor inputs and mid‑stream processing (i.e., GPUs, batteries, power systems), currently dominated by countries in Asia and Africa.
  • Affordable energy, or low-cost, low-carbon power (i.e., hydro, geothermal, solar) essential for large data centers.
  • Infrastructure including fabrication facilities, component manufacturers, subsea‑cable gateways, and increasingly hyperscale cloud hubs.
  • Manufacturing capacity in which semiconductor packaging, testing, and advanced‑materials capabilities underpin the availability of GPUs, memory, and networking hardware. 

Many EM governments are also pursuing long‑term industrial policies aimed at upgrading technology supply chains, attracting AI R&D and strengthening digital‑infrastructure corridors.

China, for example, continues to prioritize “high‑quality development,” emphasizing high‑tech industries, semiconductor progress, and digital‑infrastructure expansion. China’s new five‑year plan places renewed emphasis on strategic sectors, self‑reliance in advanced technologies, and reducing vulnerabilities associated with reliance on foreign suppliers. Fiscal and regulatory support is directed at high‑tech manufacturing, renewable energy, and advanced electronics. We think this strategic pivot has the potential to fortify China’s role in global value chains and help navigate geopolitical headwinds.

With global cloud capex running above prior expectations and AI‑related investment accelerating, these capabilities play a central role in maintaining AI’s scalability and operational resilience. 

Investors are effectively paying a premium for US exposure to AI-linked sectors that can be accessed through emerging markets at materially lower valuations. Semiconductors, software, and digital infrastructure in EM all participate in the same global AI and automation capex cycle, with similar earnings growth—but trade at roughly 30% to 50% discounts (Exhibit 3).

Much of EM’s technology exposure sits earlier in the global supply chain, tied to tangible demand for hardware, semiconductors, and infrastructure rather than long-duration growth narratives.

EXHIBIT 3

EM Semiconductor Exposure Trades at a Discount to the US

As of 31 December 2025

Source: FactSet, MSCI

We believe the global expansion of AI and AI-related capital expenditure represents one of the most important structural forces reshaping EM today. 

A roughly $750 billion global investment shift is underway, according to Delphos, spanning data-center construction, high-performance computing, advanced semiconductor manufacturing, memory, networking equipment, and supporting supply-chain ecosystems with emerging markets as primary beneficiaries.1  

Emerging markets are accelerating next-generation connectivity, with efficient spectrum auctions, targeted incentives, regulatory sandboxes, and public-private partnerships enabling rapid deployment of 5G-and-beyond infrastructure (Exhibit 4). In our opinion, emerging markets are set to drive the next leg of AI-ready connectivity, leveraging scalable networks to support data-intensive workloads, localized AI models, and new applications across mobility, logistics, and digital services.

EXHIBIT 4

EM in Position to Drive Connectivity

As of 29 September 2025

Source: Delphos

Arguably, we believe no EM region has benefited more from this transformation than North Asia. Here is a closer look at some of the country dynamics:

  • Taiwan remains at the epicenter of advanced-node semiconductor manufacturing. The country’s exports expanded more than 50% year over year as of late 2025, setting the stage for stronger-than-expected GDP growth approaching 7%. 
  • South Korea benefits from rising demand for high bandwidth memory, a crucial component in AI servers. As global AI workloads expand, it supports South Korea’s leading memory manufacturers and is likely to contribute to strong earnings momentum. We see policy reforms aimed at improving corporate governance and increasing shareholder returns as additional structural tailwinds.
  • Malaysia and Vietnam continue to integrate into the regional semiconductor and electronics supply chain. While neither economy has the scale of Taiwan or South Korea, both have become important nodes in testing, packaging, and midstream electronics manufacturing.
  • China’s AI ecosystem continues to deepen, with substantial investment in both domestic hardware and local foundation models. Memory independence has become a strategic priority, with government-backed investment supporting long-term scaling. Domestic demand for AI-related semiconductors is strong, although constraints related to export controls continue to shape product availability. 

Important Information
Published on 14 April 2026

Information and opinions presented have been obtained or derived from sources believed by Lazard Asset Management LLC or its affiliates (“Lazard”) to be reliable. Lazard makes no representation as to their accuracy or completeness. All opinions expressed herein are as of the published date and are subject to change.

The performance quoted represents past performance. Past performance does not guarantee future results.

An investment in bonds carries risk. If interest rates rise, bond prices usually decline. The longer a bond’s maturity, the greater the impact a change in interest rates can have on its price. If you do not hold a bond until maturity, you may experience a gain or loss when you sell. Bonds also carry the risk of default, which is the risk that the issuer is unable to make further income and principal payments. Other risks, including inflation risk, call risk, and pre-payment risk, also apply. Securities in certain non-domestic countries may be less liquid, more volatile, and less subject to governmental supervision than in one’s home market. The values of these securities may be affected by changes in currency rates, application of a country’s specific tax laws, changes in government administration, and economic and monetary policy. Derivatives transactions, including those entered into for hedging purposes, may reduce returns or increase volatility, perhaps substantially. Forward currency contracts, and other derivatives investments are subject to the risk of default by the counterparty, can be illiquid and are subject to many of the risks of, and can be highly sensitive to changes in the value of, the related currency or other reference asset. As such, a small investment could have a potentially large impact on performance. Use of derivatives transactions, even if entered into for hedging purposes, may cause losses greater than if an account had not engaged in such transactions.

Exposure to the commodities markets may subject the portfolio to greater volatility than other types of investments. The values of commodities and commodity-linked derivative instruments are affected by events that may have less impact on the values of equity and fixed income securities. Investments linked to the prices of commodities are considered speculative.

Equity securities will fluctuate in price; the value of your investment will thus fluctuate, and this may result in a loss. Securities in nondomestic countries may be less liquid, more volatile, and less subject to governmental supervision than in one's home market. The values of these securities may be affected by changes in currency rates, application of a country's specific tax laws, changes in government administration, and economic and monetary policy. Emerging markets securities carry special risks, including less efficient trading markets, a lack of company information, and differing auditing and legal standards. The values of securities in emerging markets countries can be extremely volatile; performance can also be influenced by political, social, and economic factors affecting companies in emerging markets countries.

The MSCI Emerging Markets Index is a free-float-adjusted market capitalization index that is designed to measure equity market performance in the global emerging markets. The MSCI Emerging Markets Index consists of emerging markets in Brazil, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Egypt, Greece, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, and United Arab Emirates. The index is unmanaged and has no fees. One cannot invest directly in an index.

The MSCI China Index is constructed based on the integrated China equity universe included in the MSCI Emerging Markets Index, providing a standardized definition of the China equity opportunity set. The index aims to represent the performance of large and mid cap segments with H shares, B shares, red chips, P chips and foreign listings (e.g., ADRs) of Chinese stocks. The index is unmanaged and has no fees. One cannot invest directly in an index.

Mention of these securities should not be considered a recommendation or solicitation to purchase or sell the securities. It should not be assumed that any investment in these securities was, or will prove to be, profitable, or that the investment decisions we make in the future will be profitable or equal to the investment performance of securities referenced herein. There is no assurance that any securities referenced herein are currently held in the portfolio or that securities sold have not been repurchased. The securities mentioned may not represent the entire portfolio.

Certain information contained herein constitutes “forward-looking statements” which can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “target,” “intent,” “continue,” or “believe,” or the negatives thereof or other variations thereon or comparable terminology. Due to various risks and uncertainties, actual events may differ materially from those reflected or contemplated in such forward-looking statements.

This document is intended only for persons residing in jurisdictions where its distribution or availability is consistent with local laws and Lazard’s local regulatory authorizations. The Lazard entities that have issued this document are listed below, along with important limitations on their authorized activities.

This document reflects the views of Lazard Asset Management LLC or its affiliates (“Lazard”) based upon information believed to be reliable as of the publication date. There is no guarantee that any forecast or opinion will be realized. This document is provided by Lazard Asset Management LLC or its affiliates (“Lazard”) for informational purposes only. Nothing herein constitutes investment advice or a recommendation relating to any security, commodity, derivative, investment management service, or investment product. Investments in securities, derivatives, and commodities involve risk, will fluctuate in price, and may result in losses. Certain assets held in Lazard’s investment portfolios, in particular alternative investment portfolios, can involve high degrees of risk and volatility when compared to other assets. Similarly, certain assets held in Lazard’s investment portfolios may trade in less liquid or efficient markets, which can affect investment performance. Past performance does not guarantee future results. The views expressed herein are subject to change, and may differ from the views of other Lazard investment professionals. 

This document is intended only for persons residing in jurisdictions where its distribution or availability is consistent with local laws and Lazard’s local regulatory authorizations. Please visit www.lazardassetmanagement.com/global-disclosure for the specific Lazard entities that have issued this document and the scope of their authorized activities.